Open-source systems in the corpus.

Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

easy to operate; reproducibility (limitation of traditional custom-build systems); for precise, programmable nanofiber patterning

Shows an open printhead design path for lowering barriers to microextrusion bioprinting.

Liquid Handling

Directly comparable to Replistruder—an open syringe/extrusion tool that enables better bioink handling.

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One of the clearest recent open-hardware liquid-handling robots with a full paper + accessible full text.

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Open hardware for accurate liquid transfer in self-driving labs; reports accuracy within ISO 8655-2 permissible error.

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Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

Strong open-source workstation reference with reported pipetting error metrics; useful comparator to OTTO/digital pipette.

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Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

Shows extreme cost-reduction approach; practical for access/democratization discussions.

Bioprinting

Often referenced for syringe-based extrusion designs; adjacent to extrusion bioprinting toolchains.

Uses a commercial robotic arm + modified pipette + block-based programming; relevant example of robot-arm liquid handling. | Early ‘open liquid handling’ system description; may provide useful design patterns + references.

Useful ‘platform’ paper for building modular open lab automation setups beyond a single device.

Liquid Handling

Not a bioprinter, but relevant open automation tool for biofabrication/bioprinting workflows. | Canonical open-source liquid handling robot paper; good baseline against newer modular tools like digital pipette.

Shows open hardware that integrates pipetting + incubation + imaging, closer to ‘robot-compatible’ liquid handling.

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Adjacent platform for living-material printing; include if you want broader DIW-living-materials tooling.

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Not hardware itself, but critical open control layer for heterogeneous open liquid-handling setups.

HardwareX often includes complete design files + BOM; strong ‘open hardware’ fit.

Liquid Handling

2026 methods paper; brings recency and a non-extrusion modality.

Standardization and flexitbility. No external periphals needed.

May be useful adjacent open tooling for 3D tissue workflows; include or exclude based on strictness.

Direct Replistruder-like tool: low-cost syringe extruder with shared profiles and OSHW metadata.

Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.

Supplemental record retained to make the downloaded paper corpus fully navigable.